How do you write comments in python?
A single line comment can be added by using the hash (#)character. The hash (#) is added for every line that should be commented. Example: #This is a comme...
Python question
Why are local variable names beginning with an underscore?
A) They are used to indicate a private variables of a class. B) They confuse the interpreter. C) They are used to indicate global variables. D) They slow ...
What is PYTHONPATH?
It is an environment variable which is used when a module is imported (allow users to import modules that have not been installed yet), you can configure to ...
What are python modules?
A Python module is a .py file containing executable code or a set of functions you want to include in your application. In short words It is a Python file co...
What is namespace in Python?
Namespaces make our programs immune from name conflicts A namespace is basically a system to make sure that all the names in a program are unique and can...
How to create an empty class in Python?
To write an empty class we use the pass statement, it is a special statement in Python that does nothing. It only works as a dummy statement. Objects of an e...
What does an object() do?
The object() function returns an empty object. You cannot add new properties or methods to this object. This object is the base f...
Does python make use of access specifiers?
Yes, access specifiers or access modifiers in python programming are used to limit the access of class variables and class methods outside of class while imp...
What is encapsulation in Python
Encapsulation - Restrict the access to methods or variables. This can prevent the data from being modified or accessing accidentally, but not intentionally. ...
How do you do data abstraction in Python?
Data Abstraction is providing only the required details and hiding the implementation from the world. It can be achieved in Python by using interface...
Does python support multiple inheritance?
Yes, Python supports multiple inheritance. A class can be derived from more than one base class, this is called multiple inheritance. The features of all t...
What is monkey patching in Python?
It is a dynamic (run-time) technique in Python by which you can modify the behavior of an existing class or module. In short words refers to dynamic modific...
What is Polymorphism in Python?
Polymorphism - The word means having many forms. In programming, polymorphism means same function name (but different signatures) being uses for different t...
How are classes created in Python?
Python is an object oriented programming language. Almost everything is an object, with its properties and methods. A Class is like an object constructor, or...
How is Multithreading achieved in Python?
Python has a construct called the Global Interpreter Lock (GIL). The GIL makes sure that only one of your threads can execute at any one time. A thre...
Python is interpreted language. what does it mean?
Interpreted vs compiled language An interpreter executes the statements of code “one-by-one” while the compiler executes the code entirely and lists all pos...
What is pep 8?
The PEP is an abbreviation form of Python Enterprise Proposal. PEP 8 is a document that provides various guidelines to write the readable in Python. PEP 8 de...
What is the difference between list and tuples in Python?
LIST Type - Are mutable (can be edited), it is possible update or delete an item from the list. Iteration - It is slower than tuples. Syntax - You use squ...
What is the difference between deep and shallow copy?
Shallow copies It duplicate as little as possible. A shallow copy of a collection is a copy of the collection structure, not the elements. With a shallow ...
Does Python have OOP’s concepts?
Yes, like other general purpose programming languages(Java, C++. C#, Ruby), Python is also an object-oriented language. It allows us to design programs using...
How to remove values to a python array?
Array elements (list) can be removed using pop() or remove() method. The difference between these two functions is that the first one returns the deleted val...
How to add values to a python array?
Append Syntax - list.insert(element). With this method, you can add a single element to the end of a list. Example - Append a integer: numbers = [1, 2, 3...
What advantages do NumPy arrays offer over (nested) Python lists?
NumPy is a Python extension module and fundamental package for scientific computing . The arrays facilitate advanced mathematical and other types of operatio...
What are local variables and global variables in Python?
Global variable It is defined and declared outside a function and we need to use them inside a function. These variables can be accessed by any function in ...
What are the built-in types of python?
Variables can store data of different types, and different types can do different things. Python has the following data types built-in by default, in these c...
What are Python packages?
It is a container where you can save one o more relevant modules to organize. To create a package, you create a new folder and place the relevant modules in ...
How can files be deleted in Python?
To delete a file, you must import the os module, and run the os.remove() function: import os os.remove("practice.py") After this you will see next to the...
What are negative indexes and why are they used?
Python programming language supports negative indexing of arrays(list), something which is not available in arrays in most other programming languages. This...
What mean Inheritance
Inheritance is the capability of one class to derive or inherit the properties from another class. It provides code reusability, makes it easier to create an...
What does len() do?
It is used to determine the length of a string, list, array and etc, this mean that returns the number of items in an object. Example-1: When the object is...
What does this mean: *args, **kwargs? And why would we use it?
Putting *args and/or **kwargs as the last items in your function definition’s argument list allows that function to accept an arbitrary number of arguments a...
How can the ternary operators be used in python?
Also known as conditional expressions. It is used to return a value based on the result of a binary condition. It takes binary value(condition) as an input, ...
Explain split(), sub(), subn() methods of “re” module in Python
Regular expression A Regular Expression or (RegEX) is a stream of characters that forms a pattern. Whether a string contains this pattern or not can be dete...
Whenever Python exits, why isn’t all the memory de-allocated?
Python modules are not always de-allocated when Python exits. Explanation: The modules with circular references to other objects, or to objects ref...
What is the purpose of is not and in operators?
Operators are special functions. They take one or more values and produce a corresponding result. is - It is used to check if two values (or variables) are ...
What is the usage of help() and dir() function in Python?
help() function - It is used to display the documentation string and also facilitates you to see the help related to modules, keywords, attributes, etc. Exa...
What are docstrings in Python?
Python documentation strings (or docstrings). It is used like a comment, to document a specific segment of code. The docstring should descr...
How to comment multiple lines in python?
Python does not really have a syntax for multi line comments. To add a multiline comment you could insert a # for each line. Example: #This is a comment #w...
What type of language is python? Programming or scripting?
After this question probably you are wondering what is the difference between programming and scripting language?. The only difference which exists is that t...
How will you capitalize the first letter of string?
Capitalize() Convert the first letter in the string in a capital letter. Syntax - string.capitalize(). Example: txt = "hello!" x = ...
What is type conversion in Python?
It convert one data type to another. Additional information There are two types of Type Conversion in Python: Implicit Type Conversion - The Python int...
What are the generators in python?
It is Functions that return iterable items to do it use the yield keyword instead than return. If the body of a def function contains yield, the function aut...
What is self in Python?
The self parameter is a reference to the current instance of the class, is always pointing to current Object and is used to access variables that belongs to ...
What is the difference between range and xrange?
The principal difference is that range returns a Python list object and xrange returns an xrange object. This means that xrange doesn’t actually generate a ...
How can you randomize the items of a list in place in Python?
The random module provides a shuffle() function that returns a sequence with its elements randomly. Example: import random numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,] ra...
How can you generate random numbers in Python?
Random module is the standard module that is used to generate a random numbers. The function random.random() is a absolute basic random number gener...
What is split used for?
This method separate a string into a list. You can specify the separator, when this isn’t defined, whitespace(” “) is used. Example - Separator not defined:...
What are Python libraries?
It is a collection of files (known as Modules) that contains functions for use by other programs. Libraries allows you to perform lots of actions without wri...
What is the process of compilation and linking in python?
The compiling and linking allows the new extensions to be compiled properly without any error and the linking can be done only when it passes the compiled pr...
What is pickling and unpickling?
Pickling It is a process of converting a object into a bytes stream and it is bstored into a file. Unpickling It is inverse operation of pickling. Unpick...
What is a lambda function?
There are mainly two types of functions: Normal function - It is is defined by the keyword def and it has a name. Example: my_func is de name and we ...
What are the key features of Python?
Python is an interpreted language. That means that is a simple language, it does not need to be compiled before it is run. You don’t need t...
What are python iterators?
An iterable is any object that can return an iterator and an iterator is the object used to iterate over an iterable object. This implement...
What is init?
All classes have a function called init(), is always executed when class is initiated. The method is useful to do any initialization you want to do with you...
How to install Python on Windows and set path variable?
Install python After that, install it on your PC. Look for the location where PYTHON has been installed using the following command on your command prom...
Is indentation required in python?
Yes, it is necessary because specifies a block of code. It is a way of telling a Python interpreter that a group of statements belongs to a particular block ...
What are functions in Python?
A function is a block of code which only run when it is called. A function can return data as a result. To define a Python function, the def keyword i...
Is python case sensitive?
Yes. Python is a case sensitive language. Example, if a variable is named ‘HelloWorld‘, then an error will occur if the variable is called ‘helloworld‘. Vari...
How does break, continue and pass work?
Break - It finish the current loop. Use the break statement to come out of the loop instantly. Continue - Skip the current iteration of a l...
How is memory managed in Python?
Memory management in python is managed by Python private space. All objects and data structures are located in a private place. The programmer does n...
What is the difference between Python Arrays and lists?
They are similar because an array is also a data structure that stores a collection of items. Like lists, arrays are ordered, mutable, enclosed in square bra...
What does [::-1] do?
It means that for a given string/list/tuple, you can slice the said object using the format: <object_name>[<start_index>, <stop_index>, &l...
How to import modules in python?
Python modules can get access to code from another module by importing the file/function using the keyword import. You can do it in different ways: ...
Python exercise
How will you convert a string to all lowercase?
To convert String to lowercase, you can use lower()v function on the String. String.lower() function returns a string with all the characters of thi...
What means list [-1]?
Suppose: list = [2, 33, 222, 14, 25] print(list[-1]) Options: A) Error B) None C) 25 D) 2 Answer: C) 25. The index -1 corresponds to the last index ...
Which of the following is an invalid statement?
A) numbers = 1,000,000 B) numbers = 1000 2000 3000 C) numbers = 1000, 2000, 3000 D) numbers = 1,000,000 Answer: B) numbers = 1000 2000 3000 Whitespace i...
What is the maximum possible length of an identifier?
A) 31 characters. B) 63 characters. C) 79 characters. D) None of the above. Answer: “D”. None of the above because identifiers are unlimited in length. ...
Which one of these is floor division?
A) / B) // C) % D) None of the mentioned. Answer: B) // You use floor division operator // or the floor() function of the math module to get the floor d...
How to sort an algorithm for a numerical dataset?
The Python language, like many other high-level programming languages, offers the ability to sort data out of the box using sort(). You can use to sort any l...
How to count the number of capital letters in a file?
Your code should work even if the file is too big to fit in memory. ______ We need to write a multiple line solution and then convert it to one liner code. ...
How to produce a star triangle?
The primary purpose of creating this program is to explain the concept of the loop in the Python program in a simple example. Example - Display stars in equ...
How to check if a sequence is a Palindrome?
A string is said to be palindrome if the reverse of the string is the same string. Example: Input: level Output: Yes Input: civic Output: Yes Input: Elli...
How to produce a fibonacci serie in Python?
What is Fibonacci Series? - It is a series of numbers formed by the sum of the two preceding numbers in the series. 0,1,1,2,3,5 The 1 is found by...
How to check if a number is prime?
number = int(input("Write a number: ") # If given number is greater than 1 if number > 1: # Iterate from 2 to n / 2 for e in range(2, int(nu...
What is a Bubble sort algorithm?
Bubble sort The basic idea is that a given list or sequence of data is verified for the order of neighboring elements by comparing them with each other. Ele...
Python
Strings
Strings can be created by enclosing characters inside a single quote or double-quotes and the output will be the same. They are immutable, you can’t modify t...
For loop
With this function we can execute a set of statements. It is used when you need to check in a condition each iteration, or to repeat a block of code.
Boolean Values
Is a data type that has one of two possible values (usually denoted true and false).
Python Try Except
Exceptions in Python applications can happen for many of reasons; and if they aren’t handled well, these exceptions can cause the program to crash or causing...
Tuple
Tuples are used to store multiple items in a single variable, is a collection which is ordered and unchangeable and are written with round brackets.
Sets
the collection is mutable and the elements can be added and removed to the set. The set are very similar to the dictionaries, limited by curly b...
Statements
Conditional statements allow you to control the flow of your program more effectively. The statements “In, if and else” evaluate when an expression is true o...
While Loops
With the while loop we can execute a set of statements as long as a condition is true.
Dictionary
It’s a fundamental data structure in python, are mutable and we can always add new items after the dictionary has been created. The dict() func...
Vocabulary
Reserved Words
Python Numbers
There are three numeric types in Python. Variables of numeric types are created when you assign a value to them.
Visual studio code
Create a python document in Visual studio code
From the File Explorer toolbar, select the New File button or ctrl n. Name the file how you prefer “title.py”. By using the .py file extension, you tell visu...
Python project
Mad libs
According to Wikipedia, “Mad Libs is a phrasal template word game where one player prompts others for a list of words to substitute for blanks in a story bef...